Pete recently did an interview on BBC Radio 4 - You and Yours - which investigated a case history of failed cavity wall insulation.
This lovely little cottage in an old mining village was cold, damp and draughty, and has undergone a transformation using traditional building methods...
We thought this would be a great way to show some of the methods used to transform an old house, using methods that are sympathetic with the fabric of the building, and yet which allow us to introduce modern standards of insulation and technology.
The cottage was very damp and cold inside - our first task was to ascertain the reasons. There are 3 separate injection damp proof courses within the fabric of the building, which have achieved precisely nothing, beyond destroying the structural integrity of the lower courses of brickwork. The obligatory metre high hacking off of plaster and replacement with impervious gypsum plaster had only served to exacerbate the damp problems. High ground levels to some external walls, and layers of impervious gypsum plaster on internal walls, some
This is a typical old farmhouse which has grown organically over the years. A small cottage would have had rooms added, followed by widening of the footprint, and extending upwards to create a second floor. At each stage, flaws were introduced which over the years contributed to a gradual deterioration in the structural stability of the house. Walls were no longer tied together, ceiling and floor joists had become detached from the walls and were hanging in space, upper floor walls were leaning drunkenly outwards as the roof had lost structural integrity, and numerous chimney additions had added huge amounts of weight to the foundations and caused one end of the house to slowly sink into the underlying boulder clay.
The owners were convinced the house was falling down.
It wasn't - it just needed a lot of TLC to ensure that each of the failed bits and pieces was tied back together and were structurally related to one another again. A long programme of bracing, steel strapping, and timber replacement and strengthening soon began to make a huge visible difference. Structual engineering examinations showed that weight could be taken off the foundations by removing redundant chimney flues, which provided a source of matching bricks for other repairs. New floor joists were tied to ancient oak joists which although too short to span the rooms, were nevertheless an important part of the historical fabric of the old building and were left in place.
Further structural problems arose throughout the house, but similar approaches were used:
The old heating system was non-existent, and a new system designed. An oil fired, closed system provides heating to convection radiators in all rooms, and hot water to two bathrooms and kitchen. Pipework is part copper and mostly plastic to allow a gentle heating effect from the heating pipework located at the bottom of the external cavity walls - this slight heat loss from the pipework is calculated to keep cold water pipes located above the hot water pipes from freezing in the extremely cold, windy conditions prevalent in the area. This gentle heat also helps keep brickwork in the cavity dry.
Electrical work consisted of a complete re-wire of the entire house, and all cables are run through the ouside cavity walls where possible to allow easy access when needed.